Leaders of major industrial nations and major emerging countries meet Sunday in Toronto with a challenge to coordinate their policies to make sustainable global economic recovery, they speak in jumbled order.
The G20 will also take stock of their efforts to regulate banks and markets, a stated priority in their previous meetings to ensure that the financial crisis of late 2007, which degenerated into an unprecedented global depression since 1929 not recur.
This is the fourth summit meeting of the group since the end of 2008 in Washington at the height of the crisis.
Composed of the United States, its major European allies, Japan and also China, Brazil, India and Russia, the G20, which accounts for 80% of world trade, has meanwhile become the main forum international discussion on economic and financial issues.
If the recession, which was fought by hundreds of billions of dollars of public money, now belongs to the past, the challenge now is to consolidate growth globally still considered fragile.
In this context, the United States, joined by other countries such as India, have expressed concern in public policies to reduce their deficit announced by several European countries precipitated by the financial storm that nearly won Greece, one of most indebted nations.
SAME PURPOSE
The approach of the G20, which was preceded by a G8 summit in rural Ontario, has nevertheless been marked by a desire for peace between the two sides of the Atlantic.
"We are aiming the same direction, that of a long-term sustainable growth that puts people at work," said U.S. President Barack Obama.
According to a draft statement obtained by Reuters, the G20 countries are close to agreement on a reduction by half of their deficits, which were inflated by the crisis, over a period of three years. But they also leave the choice to each act, at least initially, at their own pace to take account of its economic situation.
The draft communique circulating recognizes the existence of more or less advanced stages of recovery depending on the country and the delicate balance needed between supporting growth and consolidation of public finances.
"There is the risk that a fiscal adjustment synchronized several major economies negatively impact recovery.There is also the risk that the absence of a consolidation needed to affect your confidence and hinders growth, "reads the text.
The main source of global growth today is the economy of China and other major emerging countries, which share the same concern about the debt problems of old industrialized countries.
In G20, the latter's debt is expected to average 107.7% of this year gross domestic product, against 80.2% in 2007 to the beginning of the crisis, while the forecast for the emerging countries of the group are 37%.
VIOLENCE IN TORONTO
Also according to the draft communique, the G20 should welcome the inflection in a more flexible management of its currency, the yuan, by China, which some hope that it will lead to currency appreciation.
They should also commit to strengthen the soundness of their banks tightening their standards of capitalization.
Germany, France and Britain are determined to push their project for the taxation of financial institutions, which are also U.S. support but is opposed by Canada and several developing countries.
The G20 is ready to leave each country free to impose such a fee to recover the substantial resources committed by states to save their banks from the crisis.
G20 leaders who gathered in Toronto Saturday night for dinner, have four working sessions on the menu this Sunday, including a luncheon before the summit ended around 16:30 (2030 GMT).
The center of economic capital of Canada has been the scene of clashes Saturday between police and anarchist militants dressed in black at the end of anti-G20, which brought together several thousand people generally peaceful. The police reported at least 130 arrests.