The Nikkei gained 0.9% or 75.42 points to 8876.59 points, while the Topix broader took 1.12% or 8.28 points to 747.16 points.

Japanese gross domestic product increased by 1% from January to March compared with the previous quarter, helped by a rebound increase in consumption. In this context, investors have taken advantage of the recent decline of 12% of the Nikkei to do some shopping on the cheap.

Values, Credit Saison ended with a gain of 3.88% to 1,658 yen. Society of consumer credit has posted an annual net profit above market expectations.

The Nikkei lost 1.47% or 142.19 points to 9,546.26 and the Topix broader, yielded 12.02 points (-1.46%) to 813.69 .

The U.S. economy created far fewer jobs than expected in March, which should extend the debate on the need for the Fed to adopt new measures to support growth, although the unemployment rate to 8.2%, is at its lowest for three years. 

Since April 2, the Nikkei fell more than 5% and, with five sessions of decline in a row, the index experienced its longest run down since November.

That said, thanks to the good performance of financial stocks and those related to exports, the Nikkei had jumped more than 19% over the three months January to March, its best performance for a first quarter in 24 years.

"This is a temporary adjustment. We had perhaps gone too far, too fast, "said Naomi Fink as, technical analyst at Jefferies The

. Trading volume was very narrow due to the closure of most Western stock markets due to Easter Monday

.. ……. The dollar fell to a low of one month against the yen, a development that has resulted in a decline in export values, such as Honda (-2.43 %), Nissan (-3.39%) or TDK (-1.69%)

.

The Nikkei ended down 0.59% or 59.48 points, to 10,050.39 points while the Topix retreated in the same proportions (-5.03 points) to 851.02 Points .

The dollar is trading around 81.89 yen after three weeks of low points touched 81.55 yen on trading platform EBS in early trading.

Toyota, which has won over 37% since the beginning of the year, has limited its decline to 0.28%, while Sony has lost 0.58%. Its gain since the beginning of the year exceeds 20%.

In March 2010, financial storm, the government launched the national loan to support the economy: the key to an envelope of 35 billion euros to finance research and innovation. Two years later, the device has already helped to select and provide funding to 880 projects on 3,000 proposals received.  

"Today it is 25 billion spent, but in a few days, there will be 27 billion," says Alain Juppe, who was with Michel Rocard, co-chairman of the Supervisory Commission and Great Loan Rene Ricol, Commissioner General investment, a press conference-record March 20.

€ 6 billion for education

Among the 880 projects already selected, higher education is carving the lion's share. 8 and excellence initiatives, designed to bring out the poles leading academics, have been funded for more than 6 billion euros. In addition, eight technology research institutes combining private and public research have received a total of 2 billion.  

In industry, it is aviation, and in this case EADS, with its two subsidiaries Airbus and Eurocopter, which has hit the jackpot: € 1.4 billion for two demonstrators, one of composite airplane, another helicopter of the future. The banking industry, announced in February by Nicolas Sarkozy, should also benefit from a contribution of one billion euros through the big loan.

In sustainable development and the digital economy, the budget allocated to the various projects are less important. They concern, for the first, low-carbon or renewable energies, for the second, the digitization of content, cloud computing, e-health or e-education.

No doubt, the teams have carbureted big loan. They still have two new programs announced yesterday university hospital oncology in Ile de France and Toulouse. But it is still early to assess the impact of these investments for the future of the economy and the role of France in international competition.

The Central Bank of the United States said Tuesday that fifteen of the nineteen banks that it had submitted to the 2012 version of its stress tests were successfully passed this examination.

The coregistered are: Ally, the former GMAC, saved from bankruptcy by the state in 2009 and still belonging to the Treasury, the insurer MetLife, SunTrust, Bank of Atlanta and Citigroup.  

The former world number one, also saved from bankruptcy by the state, failed narrowly on two criteria: its own funds fall below the hard limit (4.9%, against 5% required) and its leverage ("Tier 1 leverage ratio") also (2.9%, against 3% required).

Other banks (American Express, Bank of America, The Bank of New York Mellon, BB & T, Capital One, Fifth Third, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan, Keycorp, Morgan Stanley, PNC, Regions Financial, State Street, Wells Fargo US Bancorpet have passed the exams successfully

. In the wake of the results, several large U.S. banks, including JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo, have announced they will upgrade the remuneration of their shareholders

. At JPMorgan is revalued quarterly dividend by 20% from 25 to 30 cents per share. In addition the bank, the largest in the U.S., has announced a new share repurchase program of up to $ 15 billion, including up to $ 12 billion will be spent this year, the balance in the first quarter in 2013.

"We are pleased to be in a position to increase our dividend and to introduce a new share buyback program," said the CEO of JPMorgan Chase, Jamie Dimon, said in the statement. "We expect to repurchase at least the number of shares we will issue the form of bonuses for employees. Beyond this, we plan to repurchase the securities that when we generate more capital than is required to fund organic growth, and when we think it brings a great value for shareholders, "he added.

At Wells Fargo, the dividend jumped 83% from 12 to 22 cents. The bank said it would buy back more shares than last year, without quantifying its projects.

She has once again lowered its growth forecast for this year and next year after leaving its key rates unchanged, noting that the prospects for the economies of the area have e ; ty much worse without the massive liquidity injections carried out as part of its refinancing operations with two long-term (LTRO) in December and February.

The ECB began to see signs of stabilization at the beginning of the year, but the expected recovery could take longer than expected. "Available economic indicators confirm signs of stabilization in the euro area, but the economic outlook remains subject to downside risks," said ECB President Mario Draghi, when the press conference that followed the announcement of maintaining the refi rate to 1.0%.

Thus, for 2012, the ECB table does on a GDP growth between -0.5% and 0.3%. For 2013, it anticipates a range between 0% and 2.2%. Three months ago, the central bank of euro countries anticipated a change between -0.4% and 1.0% for 2012 and a range of 0.3% to 2.3% for 2013.

The recent 20% increase in oil prices has, however, prompted the ECB to raise its inflation forecast and anticipate a price increase of between 2.1% and 2.7 % this year, against a range of 1.5% to 2.5% previously. For 2013, the price increase should be between 0.9% and 2.3%, against a previous forecast of 0.8% to 2.2%.

"Because of rising energy prices and indirect taxes, inflation rates are now expected to remain above 2.0% in 2012, the prevailing upside risks", Mario Draghi warned.

The latest Reuters poll conducted among 74 economists, the ECB should keep rates unchanged this year and much of 2013.

Bund futures rose while European equities and the euro have reduced their earnings after the downward revision of growth forecasts of the ECB. 

"From our perspective, the projections (the ECB) are still relatively optimistic, while economic data showed no" stabilization ", especially in the periphery (euro area). The risks are clearly on the downside, "said Annalisa Piazza of Newedge Strategy

. NOT divisive ….. Draghi

… was confident that the operations of long-term refinancing of the ECB which resulted in the injection of more than 1,000 billion in cash in the banking system of the block it averted a crisis far more serious

. Borrowing costs for countries difficulty such as Italy and Spain have fallen sharply and Mario Draghi said that markets, including the interbank market, working again and that investors were income on assets denominated s euro

. "All things considered, we see that great progress has been made", he said. "Simply compare the situation as it was in November and what it is today."

The President of the ECB, however, called on governments and banks to take over to reinforce the recovery of European economies, calling for further progress in fiscal consolidation and further structural reforms.

The euro area economy has stabilized in recent months, partly because of lower rates in November and December the ECB and its massive refinancing operations long-term.

Its room for maneuver to fight against the crisis in the euro area seem small now, partly because of reserves that raises its action, particularly in Germany. 

The Bundesbank President Jens Weidmann has sent a letter to Mario Draghi last month to express his concerns and the former head of economic studies of the ECB, and always trè s influence, Juergen Stark ruled Thursday in a German newspaper that the quality of the balance sheet of the ECB was "appalling".

Jürgen Stark had resigned within the ECB last year to protest against decisions which he felt they were not consistent with the mandate of the institution.

"My personal relationship with Jens is excellent … No one is isolated within the Governing Council and the Bundesbank, in particular, is not isolated," said Mario Draghi. "I'm really attached to the culture and tradition of maintaining price stability, the Bundesbank," he said.

In the letter to Mario Draghi and obtained by the German business daily Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Jens Weidmann was concerned about the imbalances in the interbank clearing system of the euro area TARGET 2 and risk that would result to the Bundesbank, which will be exposed in the unlikely event of a breakup of the euro.

Mario Draghi has sought to minimize these concerns and has declined to comment on the progress of the exchange transaction of Greek debt to be finalized e Thursday at 20:00 GMT at Athens risk of exposing themselves to a default.

The CAC 40 index closed up 1.37% to 3499.73 points, new peak of year, having stumbled in the afternoon against the bar psychological 3,500 points. London took 1.02%, Frankfurt and Milan 1.25% 2.93%. The pan-European Euro Stoxx 50 index has been 1.45%.

The increase was particularly driven by the banking sector, which jumped 1.85% after the sharp decline in borrowing costs of Spain and Italy on the market ; s bond.

Other U.S. indicators have yet been considered disappointing, including the ISM manufacturing index, which signals an unexpected slowdown in growth in industry in February, and spending construction, which fell against all odds in January for the first time in six months.

The world's largest industrial gases account on a portfolio of opportunities 12 months – that is to say that projects the group is likely to win – a record level of 4.2 billion euros at end 2011, against 3.9 billion euros at end 2010.

Air Liquide announced Friday sales up 7.2% to 14.457 million euros in 2011, down 6.8% on a comparable basis, and net income of 1.535 million, up 9.4%, with an operating margin stable at 16.7%. 

Analysts polled by Reuters on average expected a turnover of 14.479 million euros and net profit of 1.533 million.

The cluster gas and service, which provides the bulk of group sales, was up 7.5% of its sales on a comparable basis, driven by a 20% increase in sales in countries é ; mergents thanks to strong growth in demand and start-ups and ramp-up units. Emerging, high growth, now represent 21% of sales against 15% in 2008.

The growth of this division has slowed to 1.9% in the fourth quarter on a comparable basis, its lowest level since late 2009, reflecting an unfavorable comparative and global caution client group, particularly in the steel and electronics.

The group, whose competitors Linde German and American Praxair and Air Products intends to pay an increased dividend to 2.50 euros from 2.35 euros for 2011 against 2010.

"The signing of new contracts and continuous innovation to expand its businesses allow the group (…) to be confident in its medium term development program in the 2015 Alma" , said in a statement the CEO Benoît Potier. 

This strategic plan, presented in December 2010, is an average annual growth of 8% to 10% of sales and sustained growth in net income by 2015.

Decisions of industrial and financial investments, totaled 2.0 billion euros in 2011 against 2.2 billion in 2010, with the group's entry in Mexico, Ukraine and Turkey.

These results raised a barrage of criticism, officials blaming Total left to accumulate this money on the backs of the French who see gasoline prices soar.

The former industry minister and UMP Estrosi regretted his part that the group in France that pays 2.5% tax on companies .

"We are conducting a policy of quality and hence prices rather expensive (…) But I'm still surprised that we are being pressured prices. If everyone was the same price, there would be more competition, "replied Christophe de Margerie Saturday in Le Parisien

……. .. It also emphasizes that the company's profits come not from the fuel distribution but "90% of oil production."

On France

FYI, the CEO said that Total has only 20% of the market in France. "This is not Total all by himself that can bring down prices at the pump," he said.

For Chistophe de Margerie "is the wrong debate" and "we must look at the problem of people who have problems short of living standards and treat it as such".

About the weakness of the tax in France, in Le Parisien it ensures that Total has always paid "substantial taxes" in France, although in recent years the group has not paid the corporation tax "because there was total loss."

"This year I have good news, we will pay 300 million corporate taxes with a further 800 million in other taxes," he says.

He added on France Info that the imposition of the group is low because there is "zero percent result in France". 

"Our business in France is mainly refining and refining loses money (…) We can not pay taxes on results that do not exist," he said.

"Annoyed" by the image of his group, Christophe de Margerie would like to correct: "Total is a myth, we must break it," he said before concluding: "To earn money, not born ; NEGATIVE, especially in times of crisis. This is an opportunity for our country ".

Total said Friday it would continue its efforts for investment to grow its production.

The third European oil company by market capitalization for 2012 foresees investments excluding acquisitions of approximately $ 24 billion (18 billion euros) against 20.6 billion in in 2011.

The rumor is increasingly insistent. According Lepoint.fr, Al-Jazeera would have won the TV broadcasting rights of the Euro 2012 football against the duo of TF1 and M6. Interviewed by L'Expansion. Com, Uefa and the Qatari, however, refuse to confirm. Especially since the side of a large French chain, a source very close to the case provides that "nothing is done", and it remains "a third round of betting." Still, since Al Jazeera has gained a lot of the rights of the Champions League and Ligue 1, the rumor lends resources and unlimited ambitions. It is rumored in some newsrooms and this time she would put on the table between 100 to120 million for the next edition of the European championship. A sum again unconfirmed.

A "gift" to France Televisions?

Another victory for Al-Jazeera would not without asking the air broadcasting the matches of the team of France and the final. Qatari chain could therefore turn to organize a tender to determine the granting of this free program minimum. A chance for TF1 and M6 to limit the damage? Not so sure. According to Le Point, it would indeed be considered a "gift" to public service, which devalues ​​the rights. And to soften somewhat the "shock" due to the sensational debut of this new actor. Good image would indeed be surprising from a country that, since his arrival on the French market of football business, do research clearly not economic profitability in the short term.

In fact, the leaders of France Televisions have also met with Qatari counterparts, recognizes Bilalian Daniel, the head of sports department of public television. But "it was nothing to prepare for the Euro 2012. Just to stand as brothers," says he. As for a possible favor, he asserts that "it is absolutely anything. You can not sell off the rights like that, other chains might attack us for that."

The Europa League and Cfoot in addition to the Euro?

Anyway, the ambitions of Al-Jazeera will not stop the bidding for Euro 2012. Al-Jazeera is also still in the race to clinch the match of the Europa League where a third round of betting is also expected. She finally approached to buy back the rights of the League 2 along the chain Cfoot, owned by the Professional Football League (LFP). Because Al Jazeera has yet to find a channel to broadcast the matches she bought. Or just Cfoot must stop broadcasting on pay DTT in June … either at the beginning of the euro. Just a coincidence that some obervateurs to complete a recovery scenario …